Grapes Amur Breakthrough: the Far Eastern vine comes and wins

One of the names of the Amur breakthrough grape variety is Odin. Only with the Scandinavian god of war, this culture has little in common. The grapes are grown by peaceful people to sit in the shade of a dense vine after a hard day and, enjoying the beauty of the setting sun, treat themselves to heavy bunches of ripe grapes. Growing vines requires the patience of the tiller and the passion of the winemaker.

Breeding history, description and characteristics of the Amur breakthrough grape variety

The author of the Amur Breakthrough grape is a hereditary winegrower, a remarkable scientist and artist, Alexander Ivanovich Potapenko. He was not only engaged in the selection of grapes, but also investigated the origins of Russian Cossack viticulture, having received the interested approval of Lev Nikolaevich Gumilyov for his work in this field.

A.I. Potapenko received more than twenty Russian frost-resistant varieties, some of which were created on the basis of a wild-growing relict liana from the Far East. Amur grapes and table grapes familiar to everyone belong not only to different species, but also to plants belonging to separate groups within the genus Vitis.

Potapenko introduced wild Amur grapes, the most winter-hardy species of the Vitis genus, into direct culture. From now on, it became possible to cultivate grapes without covering for the winter and chemical protection throughout Central Russia. Work with Amur grapes is summarized in the book "Russian winter-hardy grapes" (1999).

Video: A.I. Potapenko and Amur Breakthrough grape variety

Variety Amursky breakthrough ripens in medium terms. Like the parental wild forms of grapes, it is characterized by intensive growth, forming tall, powerful vines. During the growing season, it can give an increase of 2.5 m. The ability of the vine to cling to tree trunks or engineering structures with the help of antennae and grow up is used for vertical gardening. Young shoots are green, the bark of a mature vine is brownish, slightly exfoliates with age.

In autumn, the colorful foliage of the Amur breakthrough grape variety decorates the garden

The leaves are large, five-lobed, wrinkled, with slightly dissected edges. The outer surface of the leaf blade is smooth, painted in bright green color, the inner surface is pubescent. In autumn, the foliage of the grapes is very bright, pleasing to the eye with a variety of shades, due to which the plant is often used in garden design.

The flowers are female, yellowish in color, with a pleasant aroma, attracts bees with sweet nectar.

Grape flower Amur breakthrough is a good honey plant

Fruit raceme is conical-cylindrical. The average weight of a bunch is 270 g. When shaping the harvest and unloading the bush, experienced growers receive clusters of more weight. The berries are large, round, matte, dark purple in color. The stone is medium in size. The skin is not rough, but dense, so the wasps do not damage the crop, and the brushes are well transported. The pulp is juicy, fleshy, has a delicate peculiar taste.Dessert application.

An amazing feature of this grape variety is its ability to accumulate a significant amount of sugars, comparable to the sweetness of southern varieties. When fully ripe, the berries contain 24 g / 100 cm³ Sahara. The juice is colored wine red. True, some winemakers note that the juice tends to turn brown.

The Amur breakthrough grapes inherited extremely high winter hardiness. It was noted that even after minus 40^aboutWith the vine retained its vitality. Given the frost resistance and the ability of vines to grow intensively, the Amur Breakthrough grape variety is used to form arbors and sheds.

The variety has a high need for lighting. It is recommended to plant grapes in the sunniest areas, protected from the northerly winds. A good solution is landing on the southern slopes or near the house. Brickwork is perfect for protecting young vines from the wind, and is able to accumulate daytime heat, slowly releasing it at night. With such a shelter, plantings are not threatened by frost.

Brickwork protects against wind and stores heat

Disease resistance, according to the applicant, is high. According to some gardeners, it is often affected by mildew in central Russia. At the same time, winegrowers from St. Petersburg are satisfied with the variety and do not complain of soreness. When growing the Amur Breakthrough grape variety, as well as other varieties, it is important to adhere to agricultural technology. Excessive shading, thickened and overloaded crops lead to weakening of plants and reduce their resistance to diseases.

Average yield 300 kg / ha. These are theoretical calculations, and winegrowers note that some of the fruits invariably disappear, since feathered lovers of sweet berries have long appreciated the taste of Amur Breakthrough grapes.

The variety is included in the State Register in all regions for growing in garden plots.

Features of planting and growing grape varieties Amur breakthrough

Used for planting seedlings, cuttings, offspring or seeds. Seed propagation is more often used for breeding work. Seedlings bear fruit only in the fifth or sixth year. However, they rarely have parental properties.

The sad bard of the Soviet era sang softly: "I'll bury a grape seed in the warm earth." How much wisdom in these simple words ... The vine is planted only in warm soil.

The shoots left over after pruning the vines are used as cuttings. Both green unripe and lignified shoots are suitable. The cuttings retain all the properties of the mother plant.

If no one is growing Amur Breakthrough grapes nearby, you can buy seedlings in the nursery or order by mail.

Grape seedling is delivered by mail

For Amur Breakthrough grapes, the most illuminated places are chosen. Bushes grown in a trench are usually located from north to south. If the grapes are going to be grown on a vertical trellis with a visor, then they choose the direction west - east. Variety Amursky breakthrough prefers slightly acidic soil.

Landing

Before planting plants, you need to decide on the type of soil, since it depends on how the planting pits will be equipped. On light sandy soils, grapes are planted in trenches. They are thoroughly suitable for the arrangement of trenches, since they, as a rule, serve for many years. The walls of the ditch are reinforced with boards and stones.

Some gardeners use asbestos cement sheets or slate for this purpose. The material is considered toxic due to the asbestos content, therefore its use when strengthening the walls of the trench is undesirable.

The width of the trench depends on how many rows of grapes will be planted. For a single-row trench, dig a groove 40-50 cm wide, 80-90 cm deep.

The structure of the trench when planting grapes in sandy soil

Fall asleep at the bottom:

1. Various plant remains, branches, leaf litter (but not grape!). All this will provide the roots with warmth and organic fertilizers when overheated.
2. Own fertile soil layer or chernozem, humus or high moor peat, providing an acidic reaction of soil and sand in a ratio of 1: 1: 1.
3. A seedling is placed and covered with black soil so as not to leave voids.
4. They fill up the soil, deepening the bole, but at the same time the protruding aerial part of the shoot still remains in the covering hole to a depth of 30–35 cm.

In such trenches, it is convenient to grow grapes in areas with severe frosts, where there is not enough snow cover in winter or the snow is blown out by the winds.

On clay soils, or where the groundwater is quite high, grapes are planted on ridges. When draining the planting holes, in this case, they use not crushed limestone, which deacidifies the soil, but broken brick, which does not change the acidity of the soil.

Tall beds for planting grapes in clay soil

When planting grapes on high beds, the planting pit above the drainage level is filled in the same way as a trench. From above, the soil is mulched with cut grass, which retains moisture, suppresses the growth of weeds and ensures the flow of organic fertilizers throughout the season.

Winegrowers recommend taking into account the phenomenon of soil fatigue and not planting grapes in areas where this culture has already grown.

Watering

The need for moisture in the Amurskiy Proryv variety is high. Without enough water, grapes cannot grow and bear fruit. In addition to irrigation, the soil is saturated with moisture when the root zone is mulched with cut grass. When it overheats, water and decomposition products of organic compounds enter the ground, and the energy released during this process provides the roots with heat.

Experienced gardeners, when planting grapes, install a drainage well nearby. The simplest option is a large plastic bottle with holes in the bottom. The container is filled with rubble, and a piece of hose is installed in the neck. The entire bottle is buried in the ground, only the neck with the hose rises above the soil level. When watering, water is poured into a hose, from where it flows through the holes at the bottom of the bottle to the roots of the grapes. At the same time, the soil surface does not get wet, and the danger of the spread of fungal diseases decreases, and the water warms up as it flows to the roots. Another advantage of this method of irrigation is efficiency, 2-3 times less water is introduced into the soil.

Drainage well device option

The first watering is carried out in the spring before the buds swell. The second watering is carried out about 2 weeks before flowering, and the next one 1-2 weeks after flowering. Watering is not recommended during the flowering of grapes. The greatest amount of moisture is brought in during the filling and ripening of berries. Water preferably with warm water. Before winter, water-charging irrigation is carried out. It is necessary to remember about the need for moisture charging in the spring when there is a threat of frost.

During flowering, the grapes should not be watered, and when the brushes are poured and ripe, you need to bring a lot of moisture under the bush

For planting grapes, the Amur Breakthrough is not so much a territorial factor as the length of summer. For example, the vine is tolerant of Siberian frosts, but the clusters may not ripen in a short summer.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety in comparison with similar

The Amur Breakthrough opens a list of frost-resistant varieties derived from the Amur wild grapes. It ripens in medium terms. Later varieties were obtained: Amur Triumph, Victoria, Liepajas Dzintars, characterized by an earlier ripening period. There are also purely technical varieties from this series - Agatam, Amethystovy and Neretinsky, grown for juices and wine. The Amursky breakthrough variety is used for dessert use and as a wine material.

The Amur breakthrough grapes are often compared with Crimean or southern varieties - a futile occupation. How do you compare yellow with round? Assessment must be carried out in a single value system. Where Amur grapes grow, southern varieties will not survive. There are no those conditions in the North: so many sunny days, long summers and warmth.But even in the south, there is no abundance of moisture, which the Amur breakthrough needs. And there is no snow that would cover the root zone with a tender feather bed and protect the plant. But in the North, you can make good use of the ability of the Amur Breakthrough vine to grow intensively. Pruned lignified shoots are excellent, and most importantly, affordable brushwood for the barbecue. Regardless of the species, dry vine gives the best heat for a kebab.

Variety advantages:

• Frost resistance.
• Uncovered. After the first two to three years, the vine does not need shelter for the winter.
• Productivity.
• Plasticity, excellent regenerative ability.
• Resistance to disease and pests.
• High sugar content in ripe fruits.
• Subtle peculiar aroma and taste.
• Large berries.
• Good transportability of brushes.
• Dessert application and the possibility of making juices and wine.
• Intense vine growth.
• Decorativeness of the plant. Used in vertical landscaping and garden design.

Luxurious bunches of Amur Breakthrough grapes delight the eye

Disadvantages:

• The berry does not ripen in a short summer.
• Requires illumination.
• Tall growth makes harvesting difficult.
• Abundant watering is required.
• If agricultural technology is violated, it can be affected by mildew.
• The juice tends to turn brown.

An impressive list of advantages, of course, outweighs the disadvantages, but when choosing a variety, do not forget about the climatic features of your region. Any, even the most resistant, plant will not survive in adverse conditions. And yet, the recommendations are written by scientists, and amateurs spread grapes to the north. You can try it yourself and decide what it is like to sit in a cozy evening under your own vine tent.

Reviews

Amur Breakthrough and Alpha are completely different types of grapes. Alpha is an American with a fox flavor. Amur Breakthrough (One) - Amurets. I have seven years under St. Petersburg. Odin grows, ripens even in the open field on the Smolensk ridges. The first two years he sheltered for the winter, then he stopped, there were no cases of freezing. I don't do any treatments at all, only in the spring with Bordeaux liquid. If Mildew gets it, it's after the harvest. The wine is wonderful. I myself am a former Khabarovsk resident, the summer in St. Petersburg is far from the same as in Khabarovsk, but some grape varieties ripen perfectly. Mostly in the greenhouse, but also in the open field, Odin, Zvezda Boyarinova, New Russian, Valiant mature. But it is necessary to plant on the Smolensk ridges, there is still much less heat here than in Khabarovsk. But there are fewer diseases.

The Amur breakthrough is a synonym for Odin, rooted, of the Saratov breeding, froze out while sheltering in Vladivostok, where there is no snow. Another sapling from Arseniev, 2 years old, average growth, begins to hurt by the end of the season, mid-September, you need to cover, there was no fruiting.

Re: Amur Breakthrough (One) "Reply # 6: 22 September 2014, 12:06:33" Quote: Paul (Slava Strepetov) from 22 September 2014, 11:30:37 Some publications have a problem with brown juice

I drank Amur juice at Alexander Ivanovich's in 2006, the sugar is very high. But the juice was really "brown" color ...

Amur Breakthrough (One) "Reply # 10: 04 November 2015, 12:42:21" Quote: Sedoi from 04 November 2015, 12:01:08 Well, it's not about anything at all. Essno not covering. What is the point then in frost resistance -42, if you still cover.

I cover the first 3 years, then I will simply lower it to the ground. In the future, I plan to raise a horizontal trellis ...

... the taste is quite pleasant, HARMONIOUS, as stated.
The aroma of the wort is awesome, or currant, or something else. My wife ran and sniff each time while I was stirring.

For me, the Amur breakthrough never caught anything, however, like the New Russian and Vecherny Saratov growing nearby.
Sincerely.

A.I.Potapenko managed to obtain large-fruited forms of purely Amur grapes with a not small bunch. This form is called "Breakthrough" as of 18.06.2010. Vegetation began a month earlier than that of the vinifera. “Potapenko Breakthrough” is my second year. This is its first signal fruiting. In the year of planting, he took root hard. The vine did not ripen for a long time. I thought that more than two buds would not survive this harsh winter. But to my surprise, the entire year-old growth survived the winter perfectly and began a stormy vegetation. The whole vine was ripe literally within a week before the autumn frosts.

Gardeners who are accustomed to southern grapes have a complex attitude towards Amur varieties. But if we consider that this is not one and the same culture, but related species, we can recognize the right of the Amur breakthrough to its own place in the northern gardens.

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